Analysis of Labor and Family Revenues

Oct 13, 2025 by pynkocean.com 54 views

Introduction

Cassava farming is a significant agricultural activity in many parts of the world, including Indonesia. In the village of Bosar Galugur, Tanah Jawa District, Simalungun Regency, North Sumatra Province, cassava farming is a major source of income for many farmers. However, the profitability of cassava farming in this area is not well understood. This study aims to examine the system and analysis of cassava farming in Bosar Galugur Village, with a focus on the monoculture vs. tumpang (spill) planting patterns.

Methodology

This study was conducted using the Purposive Sampling and Stratified random sampling methods. The data was collected from 100 farmers in Bosar Galugur Village, who were selected based on their participation in cassava farming. The data was analyzed using descriptive statistics and regression analysis.

Results

The results of this study show that the farmers in Bosar Galugur Village adopt two main planting patterns: monoculture of cassava and spill with corn. The economic analysis shows that the monoculture pattern of cassava has an average production cost of Rp 2,472,490 per hectare, while the spill pattern reaches Rp 3,697,980 per hectare. Although the production costs are higher, the spill pattern shows a greater potential productivity, with an average of 16,519.77 kg per hectare, compared to 19,385.39 kg per hectare in the monoculture pattern.

Economic Analysis

The economic analysis of this study shows that the spill pattern produces higher income with an average of Rp 7,226,600 per hectare compared to Rp 5,068,040 per hectare in the monoculture pattern. This shows that revenue that is higher than the spill pattern is able to cover the difference in greater production costs. Net income is also higher in the spill pattern, which is Rp 3,528,620 per hectare, compared to Rp 2,595,550 per hectare in the monoculture pattern.

Analysis of Labor and Family Revenues

This study also revealed that the labor income in the spill pattern was higher, reaching Rp 5,521,130 per hectare, compared to Rp 3,567,830 per hectare in the monoculture pattern. This shows that the spill pattern is able to provide higher job opportunities and better income for the workforce. The income of farmers' families is also higher in the spill pattern, which is Rp. 5,369,940 per hectare, compared to Rp 3,591,990 per hectare in the monoculture pattern.

Examining the Contribution of Income from Various Sources

Further analysis shows that in the monoculture pattern, cassava accounts for 26.28% of family income, while in the spill pattern, cassava contributes 42.44%. This indicates that even though the pile pattern is more diverse, cassava remains a major source of income for farmers in the village of Bosar Galugur.

Conclusion

The results of this study indicate that although the pile pattern has a higher production cost, the profit lies in the potential for productivity, income, and greater employment opportunities. Therefore, farmers in the village of Bosar Galugur can consider increasing the adoption of the spill pattern, while still paying attention to factors such as the availability of land and other resources. In addition, this research also shows the importance of diversifying sources of income for farmers, by combining other plants such as rice, corn, palm oil, and sources of income outside farming. This can help increase economic resilience and reduce dependence on one type of plant.

Recommendations

This research can be taken into consideration for the government and related agencies to develop programs and policies that support the development of more sustainable and profitable cassava farming for farmers in the villages of Bosar Galugur and surrounding areas. The government can provide support for farmers to adopt the spill pattern, by providing training and education on the benefits of this pattern. Additionally, the government can provide incentives for farmers to diversify their sources of income, by providing subsidies for the cultivation of other crops.

Limitations

This study has some limitations. The data was collected from a small sample of farmers, which may not be representative of the entire population of farmers in Bosar Galugur Village. Additionally, the study only examined the economic benefits of the spill pattern, and did not examine the social and environmental benefits.

Future Research

Future research can build on this study by examining the social and environmental benefits of the spill pattern. Additionally, future research can examine the impact of the spill pattern on the livelihoods of farmers and their families. This can help to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the benefits and challenges of the spill pattern.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the system and analysis of cassava farming in Bosar Galugur Village. The results show that the spill pattern is more profitable than the monoculture pattern, and provides higher income and employment opportunities for farmers. This study can be taken into consideration for the government and related agencies to develop programs and policies that support the development of more sustainable and profitable cassava farming for farmers in the villages of Bosar Galugur and surrounding areas.

Q: What is cassava farming?

A: Cassava farming is the cultivation of cassava, a root crop that is widely grown in tropical and subtropical regions. Cassava is a staple food in many parts of the world, and is also used as a source of income for many farmers.

Q: What are the two main planting patterns of cassava farming?

A: The two main planting patterns of cassava farming are monoculture and tumpang (spill). Monoculture involves planting a single crop, while tumpang involves planting multiple crops together.

Q: Which planting pattern is more profitable?

A: The results of this study show that the tumpang (spill) pattern is more profitable than the monoculture pattern. The tumpang pattern produces higher income and employment opportunities for farmers.

Q: What are the benefits of the tumpang (spill) pattern?

A: The tumpang (spill) pattern has several benefits, including higher income and employment opportunities for farmers, and greater potential productivity. Additionally, the tumpang pattern allows for diversification of sources of income, which can help to increase economic resilience and reduce dependence on one type of crop.

Q: What are the challenges of the tumpang (spill) pattern?

A: The tumpang (spill) pattern has several challenges, including higher production costs and the need for more labor and resources. Additionally, the tumpang pattern requires careful planning and management to ensure that the different crops are grown in a way that is beneficial to all parties involved.

Q: How can farmers in Bosar Galugur Village increase their adoption of the tumpang (spill) pattern?

A: Farmers in Bosar Galugur Village can increase their adoption of the tumpang (spill) pattern by receiving training and education on the benefits of this pattern. Additionally, the government can provide incentives for farmers to adopt the tumpang pattern, such as subsidies for the cultivation of other crops.

Q: What are the implications of this study for the government and related agencies?

A: The results of this study have implications for the government and related agencies, as they can provide support for farmers to adopt the tumpang pattern. Additionally, the government can provide incentives for farmers to diversify their sources of income, which can help to increase economic resilience and reduce dependence on one type of crop.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: This study has several limitations, including the small sample size and the fact that it only examined the economic benefits of the tumpang pattern. Additionally, the study did not examine the social and environmental benefits of the tumpang pattern.

Q: What are the future research directions?

A: Future research can build on this study by examining the social and environmental benefits of the tumpang pattern. Additionally, future research can examine the impact of the tumpang pattern on the livelihoods of farmers and their families.

Q: What are the conclusions of this study?

A: The conclusions of this study are that the tumpang (spill) pattern is more profitable than the monoculture pattern, and provides higher income and employment opportunities for farmers. Additionally, the study shows the importance of diversifying sources of income for farmers, which can help to increase economic resilience and reduce dependence on one type of crop.