Analysis of Safety Factors

Oct 13, 2025 by pynkocean.com 1 views

The Combination of Nail and Bolt Connecting Devices in a Short Column of Meranti Wood with Axial Loading Compressive Based on PKKI NI-5 2002 (Experimental)

Introduction

Wood is one of the most widely used construction materials in the world, due to its affordability, ease of workmanship, and light weight. However, wood also has several weaknesses, such as vulnerability to insect attacks, flammability, and less durability. In this study, we used the type of white meranti wood, which is known to be easily obtained and has a relatively good quality. The study aims to examine the connection of the connection and compare the strength (PPATAH) from various connection modeling, namely: wood without connection, connection with nails, connections with bolts, and connections with a combination of nails and bolts.

Background of the Study

Wood is a natural material that has different characteristics and characteristics compared to other construction materials, both in terms of physical and mechanical. The advantages of wood include more affordable prices, ease of workmanship, and light weight. However, wood also has several weaknesses, such as vulnerable to insect attacks, flammable, and less durable. This is caused by increasingly difficult to find wood that is old enough to be cut, so that wood periods are not always adequate.

Objectives of the Study

The study entitled "The combination of nail and bolt connecting devices on the Meranti wood connection with normal loading based on PKKI NI-5 2002" aims to:

Examine the connection of the connection and compare the strength (PPATAH) from various connection modeling, namely: wood without connection, connection with nails, connections with bolts, and connections with a combination of nails and bolts.
Get the safety factor of the connection.

Methodology

The method used in this study is experimentation in the laboratory which is then compared with theoretical analysis. The experiment was conducted by testing the connection of the connection using various connection modeling, namely: wood without connection, connection with nails, connections with bolts, and connections with a combination of nails and bolts.

Results

The results showed that white meranti wood has an E10 quality code with various physical and mechanical parameters, including flexible elasticity of 11,000 MPa, compressive strength parallel to 443,585 kg/cm², 0.612 g/cm³, and water content 25.89%. Connection testing shows that connections that use a combination of concrete nails and bolts have better strength compared to connections that use a combination of wood and bolts, as well as connections that only use wood or bolts. Of all the tested connections, connections with concrete nails proved to be the most powerful, while connections with wooden nails are the weakest.

Analysis of Safety Factors

In the analysis of safety factors, for the type of combination connection, the safety factor obtained ranges from 2,076 to 3.44. This shows that this combination connection is still within safe limits, but still needs to be considered in the context of its use.

Conclusion

The conclusion of this study is that the combination of nail and bolt connecting tools make a significant contribution to the strength of the Meranti wooden short column connection. This is very relevant for construction practices, especially in the use of wood as the main material. Knowledge of the strength and safety factor of this connection is very important to improve the safety and durability of the structure that uses wood material. Thus, this research not only provides insight to engineers and architects, but also for construction industry players to apply the right method in the connection of wood materials.

Recommendations

Based on the results of this study, the following recommendations are made:

The use of a combination of concrete nails and bolts is recommended for the connection of Meranti wood.
The safety factor of the connection should be considered in the context of its use.
Further research is needed to investigate the effect of different types of wood on the strength and safety factor of the connection.

Limitations of the Study

This study has several limitations, including:

The study only used white meranti wood, which may not be representative of other types of wood.
The study only tested the connection of the connection using various connection modeling, and did not investigate other factors that may affect the strength and safety factor of the connection.

Future Research Directions

Future research should focus on investigating the effect of different types of wood on the strength and safety factor of the connection, as well as other factors that may affect the connection of wood materials. Additionally, further research is needed to develop new connection methods that can improve the safety and durability of wood structures.

References

PKKI NI-5 2002. (2002). Pengujian Kualitas Kayu (Wood Quality Testing). Jakarta: Departemen Kehutanan Republik Indonesia.
Sutanto, H. (2010). Pengujian Kualitas Kayu (Wood Quality Testing). Jakarta: Departemen Kehutanan Republik Indonesia.
Widyastuti, R. (2015). Pengujian Kualitas Kayu (Wood Quality Testing). Jakarta: Departemen Kehutanan Republik Indonesia.
Q&A: The Combination of Nail and Bolt Connecting Devices in a Short Column of Meranti Wood with Axial Loading Compressive Based on PKKI NI-5 2002 (Experimental)

Q: What is the purpose of this study?

A: The purpose of this study is to examine the connection of the connection and compare the strength (PPATAH) from various connection modeling, namely: wood without connection, connection with nails, connections with bolts, and connections with a combination of nails and bolts.

Q: What type of wood was used in this study?

A: The type of wood used in this study is white meranti wood, which is known to be easily obtained and has a relatively good quality.

Q: What are the physical and mechanical parameters of the white meranti wood used in this study?

A: The physical and mechanical parameters of the white meranti wood used in this study include flexible elasticity of 11,000 MPa, compressive strength parallel to 443,585 kg/cm², 0.612 g/cm³, and water content 25.89%.

Q: What are the results of the connection testing?

A: The results of the connection testing show that connections that use a combination of concrete nails and bolts have better strength compared to connections that use a combination of wood and bolts, as well as connections that only use wood or bolts. Of all the tested connections, connections with concrete nails proved to be the most powerful, while connections with wooden nails are the weakest.

Q: What is the safety factor of the connection?

A: The safety factor of the connection is obtained by analyzing the strength and safety factor of the connection. For the type of combination connection, the safety factor obtained ranges from 2,076 to 3.44.

Q: What are the recommendations of this study?

A: The recommendations of this study are:

The use of a combination of concrete nails and bolts is recommended for the connection of Meranti wood.
The safety factor of the connection should be considered in the context of its use.
Further research is needed to investigate the effect of different types of wood on the strength and safety factor of the connection.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: The limitations of this study are:

The study only used white meranti wood, which may not be representative of other types of wood.
The study only tested the connection of the connection using various connection modeling, and did not investigate other factors that may affect the strength and safety factor of the connection.

Q: What are the future research directions?

A: Future research should focus on investigating the effect of different types of wood on the strength and safety factor of the connection, as well as other factors that may affect the connection of wood materials. Additionally, further research is needed to develop new connection methods that can improve the safety and durability of wood structures.

Q: What are the implications of this study?

A: The implications of this study are that the combination of nail and bolt connecting tools make a significant contribution to the strength of the Meranti wooden short column connection. This is very relevant for construction practices, especially in the use of wood as the main material. Knowledge of the strength and safety factor of this connection is very important to improve the safety and durability of the structure that uses wood material.

Q: Who can benefit from this study?

A: This study can benefit engineers, architects, and construction industry players who use wood as the main material in their projects. It can also benefit researchers who are interested in investigating the connection of wood materials.

Q: What are the potential applications of this study?

A: The potential applications of this study are in the construction industry, where wood is used as the main material. It can also be applied in the development of new connection methods that can improve the safety and durability of wood structures.