Changes Made in Indirect Speech

Oct 13, 2025 by pynkocean.com 108 views

Introduction

Indirect speech, also known as reported speech, is a way of expressing what someone said in their own words. It is used to report the words of another person, often in a written or spoken form. In this article, we will learn how to convert direct speech into indirect speech, using the given example sentence: "Manu said that he has prepared for the exam."

Direct Speech

Direct speech is the original statement made by the person. It is written exactly as the person spoke, with quotation marks around the spoken words.

Example:

"Manu said that he has prepared for the exam."

Indirect Speech

Indirect speech is the reported version of the original statement. It is written in the speaker's own words, without quotation marks.

Example:

Manu said that he had prepared for the exam.

Changes Made in Indirect Speech

When converting direct speech into indirect speech, the following changes are made:

Tense: The tense of the verb is changed to the past perfect tense (had + past participle) to indicate that the action was completed before the reporting.
Subject: The subject of the sentence remains the same, in this case, "Manu."
Object: The object of the sentence remains the same, in this case, "he."
Modal verbs: Modal verbs like "can," "could," "may," "might," "shall," "should," "will," and "would" are changed to their past forms.
Adverbs: Adverbs like "yesterday," "today," and "tomorrow" are changed to their past forms.

Examples of Indirect Speech

Here are some more examples of indirect speech:

Direct speech: "I said that I would meet you at 5 o'clock."
- Indirect speech: I said that I would meet you at 5 o'clock.
Direct speech: "She said that she had eaten breakfast."
- Indirect speech: She said that she had eaten breakfast.
Direct speech: "He said that he could not come to the party."
- Indirect speech: He said that he could not come to the party.

Tips for Using Indirect Speech

Use indirect speech to report what someone said: Indirect speech is used to report the words of another person, often in a written or spoken form.
Change the tense of the verb: The tense of the verb is changed to the past perfect tense (had + past participle) to indicate that the action was completed before the reporting.
Use the correct modal verbs: Modal verbs like "can," "could," "may," "might," "shall," "should," "will," and "would" are changed to their past forms.
Use the correct adverbs: Adverbs like "yesterday," "today," and "tomorrow" are changed to their past forms.

Conclusion

Introduction

Indirect speech is a way of expressing what someone said in their own words. It is used to report the words of another person, often in a written or spoken form. In this article, we will answer some frequently asked questions about indirect speech.

Q: What is indirect speech?

A: Indirect speech is a way of expressing what someone said in their own words. It is used to report the words of another person, often in a written or spoken form.

Q: How do I convert direct speech into indirect speech?

A: To convert direct speech into indirect speech, you need to make the following changes:

Change the tense of the verb: The tense of the verb is changed to the past perfect tense (had + past participle) to indicate that the action was completed before the reporting.
Use the correct modal verbs: Modal verbs like "can," "could," "may," "might," "shall," "should," "will," and "would" are changed to their past forms.
Use the correct adverbs: Adverbs like "yesterday," "today," and "tomorrow" are changed to their past forms.

Q: What are the differences between direct and indirect speech?

A: The main differences between direct and indirect speech are:

Tense: Direct speech uses the present tense, while indirect speech uses the past perfect tense.
Quotation marks: Direct speech uses quotation marks, while indirect speech does not.
Verb form: Direct speech uses the base form of the verb, while indirect speech uses the past participle form.

Q: When do I use indirect speech?

A: You use indirect speech to report what someone said, often in a written or spoken form. It is used in a variety of situations, such as:

Reporting conversations: You use indirect speech to report conversations, meetings, or interviews.
Writing articles or essays: You use indirect speech to report what someone said in an article or essay.
Giving presentations: You use indirect speech to report what someone said in a presentation.

Q: How do I use indirect speech in a sentence?

A: Here is an example of using indirect speech in a sentence:

"Manu said that he had prepared for the exam."

In this sentence, "Manu said" is the reporting clause, and "he had prepared for the exam" is the reported clause.

Q: What are some common mistakes to avoid when using indirect speech?

A: Some common mistakes to avoid when using indirect speech are:

Using the wrong tense: Make sure to use the past perfect tense (had + past participle) when reporting what someone said.
Using the wrong modal verbs: Make sure to use the past forms of modal verbs like "can," "could," "may," "might," "shall," "should," "will," and "would."
Using the wrong adverbs: Make sure to use the past forms of adverbs like "yesterday," "today," and "tomorrow."

Conclusion

Indirect speech is a way of expressing what someone said in their own words. It is used to report the words of another person, often in a written or spoken form. By following the changes made in indirect speech, you can convert direct speech into indirect speech and use it effectively in your writing and speaking.