The Correlation between IDWG and Phase Angle

Oct 13, 2025 by pynkocean.com 25 views

Correlation of Interdialytic Weight Gain and Phase Angle in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease with Regular Hemodialysis: An Observational Study

Introduction

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing health concern worldwide, affecting millions of people. Patients with CKD who undergo regular hemodialysis often face various complications, including interdialytic weight gain (IDWG). IDWG is a significant problem that can lead to hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, and an increased risk of cardiovascular events. In this study, we aimed to investigate the correlation between IDWG and phase angle in patients with CKD undergoing regular hemodialysis.

Background

IDWG is a common issue in patients with CKD who undergo regular hemodialysis. It is defined as the weight gain between two hemodialysis sessions. Research has shown that IDWG is ideal when it is ≤ 3.77%. However, many patients with CKD experience IDWG above this threshold, which can lead to various complications.

Phase Angle Examination

Using bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) is a non-invasive and easy-to-perform method that is often used as a predictor of nutritional status and mortality in regular hemodialysis patients. Phase angle examination is a valuable tool in assessing the nutritional status and health outcomes of patients with CKD.

Methodology

This study is a cross-sectional observational study involving 65 patients with CKD who underwent regular hemodialysis at Adam Malik Haji Hospital Medan. The data collected includes:

Dry weight measurement
Estimated IDWG
BIA examination (phase angle) before hemodialysis

Results

Of the 65 subjects, 43 (66.2%) were male and 22 (33.8%) were women. The age range of research participants was between 20-74 years, with an average (± SD) of 47.02 ± 11.6 years. The average phase angle was 5.32 ± 1.33, and dry body weight was 56.94 ± 12.17 kg.

The Correlation between IDWG and Phase Angle

The results of the analysis showed a significant negative correlation between IDWG ≤ 3.77% and phase angle. This means that the lower IDWG, the higher the phase angle. In addition, research participants with lower IDWG had a higher dry weight.

Conclusion

This study indicates that there is a significant negative correlation between IDWG ≤ 3.77% and phase angle in regular hemodialysis patients at Adam Malik Haji Hospital Medan. These findings have important implications in the management of patients with CKD who undergo regular hemodialysis.

Importance of IDWG Control

The results of this study confirm the importance of IDWG control in patients with CKD who undergo regular hemodialysis. Controlling IDWG below 3.77% can help improve nutritional status and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events.

The Role of Phase Angle

Phase angle examination can be a useful tool in monitoring nutritional status and cardiovascular risk in hemodialysis patients. Low phase angle can indicate malnutrition and a higher risk of death.

Importance of Further Research

Further research is needed to understand the mechanism behind the correlation between IDWG and phase angle. This study also needs to consider other factors that may affect IDWG and phase angle in hemodialysis patients, such as age, gender, disease history, and diet type.

Conclusion

This study provides important evidence of the correlation between IDWG and phase angle in hemodialysis patients. These results can help clinicians in monitoring and managing IDWG and improving the quality of life of patients with CKD who undergo regular hemodialysis.

Limitations of the Study

This study has several limitations. Firstly, the sample size was relatively small, and the study was conducted at a single hospital. Secondly, the study only considered patients with CKD who underwent regular hemodialysis and did not include patients with other types of kidney disease. Finally, the study did not consider other factors that may affect IDWG and phase angle, such as age, gender, disease history, and diet type.

Future Directions

Future studies should aim to replicate the findings of this study and explore the mechanisms behind the correlation between IDWG and phase angle. Additionally, studies should consider other factors that may affect IDWG and phase angle, such as age, gender, disease history, and diet type. Furthermore, studies should investigate the effectiveness of IDWG control in improving nutritional status and reducing the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with CKD who undergo regular hemodialysis.

Implications for Clinical Practice

The findings of this study have important implications for clinical practice. Clinicians should monitor IDWG and phase angle in patients with CKD who undergo regular hemodialysis. IDWG control should be a priority in the management of patients with CKD who undergo regular hemodialysis. Additionally, clinicians should use phase angle examination as a tool in monitoring nutritional status and cardiovascular risk in hemodialysis patients.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study provides important evidence of the correlation between IDWG and phase angle in hemodialysis patients. The findings of this study have important implications for clinical practice and highlight the need for further research in this area.
Frequently Asked Questions: Correlation of Interdialytic Weight Gain and Phase Angle in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease with Regular Hemodialysis

Q: What is interdialytic weight gain (IDWG)?

A: IDWG is the weight gain between two hemodialysis sessions in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who undergo regular hemodialysis.

Q: Why is IDWG a concern in patients with CKD?

A: IDWG can lead to hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, and an increased risk of cardiovascular events in patients with CKD.

Q: What is the ideal IDWG percentage?

A: Research has shown that IDWG is ideal when it is ≤ 3.77%.

Q: What is phase angle examination?

A: Phase angle examination is a non-invasive and easy-to-perform method that uses bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) to assess the nutritional status and health outcomes of patients with CKD.

Q: What is the significance of phase angle in patients with CKD?

A: Low phase angle can indicate malnutrition and a higher risk of death in patients with CKD.

Q: What are the implications of this study for clinical practice?

A: The findings of this study highlight the importance of IDWG control in patients with CKD who undergo regular hemodialysis. Clinicians should monitor IDWG and phase angle in these patients and use phase angle examination as a tool in monitoring nutritional status and cardiovascular risk.

Q: What are the limitations of this study?

A: This study has several limitations, including a relatively small sample size and the fact that it was conducted at a single hospital. Additionally, the study only considered patients with CKD who underwent regular hemodialysis and did not include patients with other types of kidney disease.

Q: What are the future directions for research in this area?

A: Future studies should aim to replicate the findings of this study and explore the mechanisms behind the correlation between IDWG and phase angle. Additionally, studies should consider other factors that may affect IDWG and phase angle, such as age, gender, disease history, and diet type.

Q: How can clinicians apply the findings of this study to their practice?

A: Clinicians can apply the findings of this study by monitoring IDWG and phase angle in patients with CKD who undergo regular hemodialysis. They should also use phase angle examination as a tool in monitoring nutritional status and cardiovascular risk in these patients.

Q: What are the potential benefits of IDWG control in patients with CKD?

A: IDWG control can help improve nutritional status and reduce the risk of cardiovascular events in patients with CKD.

Q: What are the potential risks of not controlling IDWG in patients with CKD?

A: Not controlling IDWG can lead to hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy, and an increased risk of cardiovascular events in patients with CKD.

Q: How can patients with CKD who undergo regular hemodialysis work with their healthcare team to control IDWG?

A: Patients with CKD who undergo regular hemodialysis can work with their healthcare team to control IDWG by following a healthy diet, staying hydrated, and monitoring their weight between hemodialysis sessions.

Q: What are the potential consequences of not controlling IDWG in patients with CKD?

A: Not controlling IDWG can lead to serious health consequences, including cardiovascular disease, kidney failure, and even death.

Q: How can clinicians ensure that patients with CKD who undergo regular hemodialysis are receiving the best possible care?

A: Clinicians can ensure that patients with CKD who undergo regular hemodialysis are receiving the best possible care by monitoring IDWG and phase angle, using phase angle examination as a tool in monitoring nutritional status and cardiovascular risk, and working with patients to develop a personalized treatment plan.

Q: What are the potential benefits of phase angle examination in patients with CKD?

A: Phase angle examination can help clinicians assess the nutritional status and health outcomes of patients with CKD and make informed decisions about their care.

Q: What are the potential risks of not using phase angle examination in patients with CKD?

A: Not using phase angle examination can lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment of malnutrition and other health problems in patients with CKD.

Q: How can clinicians use phase angle examination to improve patient outcomes?

A: Clinicians can use phase angle examination to improve patient outcomes by monitoring nutritional status and cardiovascular risk, making informed decisions about treatment, and working with patients to develop a personalized treatment plan.