The management of public transportation needs to conduct periodic evaluations of the specified tariffs

Oct 13, 2025 by pynkocean.com 8 views

Medan City Public Transportation Rates Analysis of Passenger Cars Based on Vehicle Operational Costs (BOK), ATP and WTP (Case Study: KPUM 04)

Introduction

Transportation plays a vital role in supporting the economic growth of an area. As the population continues to grow, the need for transportation facilities and infrastructure also increases. Medan City, one of the cities in North Sumatra Province, faces various challenges in the transportation sector. The rapid development in this field, driven by technological advances and improving the standard of living of the community, makes public transportation one of the most easily accessible transportation options.

Public transportation is a crucial component of a city's transportation system, providing an affordable and efficient way for people to move around. However, the tariffs set for public transportation can have a significant impact on its appeal and usage. In this study, we aim to evaluate the KPUM 04 public transportation tariffs that serve the Unimed Amplas-AMA route, based on vehicle operating costs (BOK). We will compare the tariffs in force in the field with theoretical rates based on standards set by the Directorate General of Land Transportation (SK687/AJ.206/DRJD/2002). Additionally, we will analyze the ability of passengers to pay (ATP) and their perception of applicable public transport rates (WTP).

Methodology

The data used in this study involved a field survey consisting of two types: on board surveys that include physical observation of vehicles, the number of transportation, and the number of passengers, as well as investigative surveys through interviews with related parties. Secondary data obtained from relevant government agencies. The field survey was conducted to gather data on the current tariffs in force in the field, while the investigative survey was conducted to gather data on the ATP and WTP of passengers.

The analysis shows that the rates in force in the field are higher than the theoretical rates calculated based on BOK. The average rate in force in the field reaches Rp. 444.44 per km per person, while theoretical tariffs based on BOK calculations are Rp. 357,31 per km per person. On the other hand, the tariff set by the local government is Rp. 460 per km per person.

Results

From the questionnaire survey conducted, it was found that the highest ATP frequency was at 46% with a middle value of Rp. 564.21 per person per km, while the highest WTP frequency reaches 59% with the same middle value. This data shows that there is a gap between tariffs provided by public transportation and the ability and willingness of passengers to pay.

Discussion

The gap between the rates in force in the field and theoretical rates shows that KPUM 04 public transportation may not fully meet expectations both in terms of operational and from the user's perspective. This can have a negative impact on the appeal of public transportation as a transportation option. As a measure of improvement, the management of public transportation needs to conduct periodic evaluations of the specified tariffs. The tariff policy should consider both aspects, namely operational costs that include various factors such as vehicle maintenance, driver's salary, and fuel, as well as the ability of the community to pay. This will create justice for all parties and can increase the number of public transport users.

Conclusion

In conclusion, this study highlights the importance of evaluating public transportation tariffs based on vehicle operating costs (BOK), ATP, and WTP. The findings of this study suggest that there is a gap between the tariffs in force in the field and the ability and willingness of passengers to pay. To improve the public transportation system, cooperation between the government, transport operators, and the community needs to be improved. By communicating with each other, it is hoped that the tariff set can further reflect the real conditions in the field, while increasing public confidence in public transportation in Medan.

Recommendations

Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

The management of public transportation needs to conduct periodic evaluations of the specified tariffs to ensure that they are fair and reasonable.
The tariff policy should consider both aspects, namely operational costs and the ability of the community to pay.
Cooperation between the government, transport operators, and the community needs to be improved to increase public confidence in public transportation in Medan.
The tariff set should further reflect the real conditions in the field to ensure that it is fair and reasonable.

Limitations

This study has several limitations:

The data used in this study was limited to the KPUM 04 public transportation system.
The study only analyzed the ability of passengers to pay (ATP) and their perception of applicable public transport rates (WTP).
The study did not consider other factors that may affect the appeal of public transportation.

Future Research Directions

Future research directions include:

Conducting a comprehensive study on the public transportation system in Medan City.
Analyzing the impact of public transportation tariffs on the appeal of public transportation.
Developing a more comprehensive tariff policy that considers both operational costs and the ability of the community to pay.

References

Directorate General of Land Transportation. (2002). SK687/AJ.206/DRJD/2002.
KPUM 04. (2020). Public Transportation Tariffs.
Medan City Government. (2020). Public Transportation Policy.

Appendices

Appendix A: Questionnaire Survey
Appendix B: Data Analysis
Appendix C: Conclusion

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Medan City Public Transportation Rates Analysis of Passenger Cars Based on Vehicle Operational Costs (BOK), ATP and WTP (Case Study: KPUM 04) - Q&A

Frequently Asked Questions

Q: What is the main focus of this study? A: The main focus of this study is to evaluate the KPUM 04 public transportation tariffs that serve the Unimed Amplas-AMA route, based on vehicle operating costs (BOK).

Q: What is the significance of this study? A: This study highlights the importance of evaluating public transportation tariffs based on vehicle operating costs (BOK), ATP, and WTP. The findings of this study suggest that there is a gap between the tariffs in force in the field and the ability and willingness of passengers to pay.

Q: What are the limitations of this study? A: This study has several limitations, including the data used in this study was limited to the KPUM 04 public transportation system, the study only analyzed the ability of passengers to pay (ATP) and their perception of applicable public transport rates (WTP), and the study did not consider other factors that may affect the appeal of public transportation.

Q: What are the recommendations of this study? A: Based on the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:

The management of public transportation needs to conduct periodic evaluations of the specified tariffs to ensure that they are fair and reasonable.
The tariff policy should consider both aspects, namely operational costs and the ability of the community to pay.
Cooperation between the government, transport operators, and the community needs to be improved to increase public confidence in public transportation in Medan.
The tariff set should further reflect the real conditions in the field to ensure that it is fair and reasonable.

Q: What are the future research directions of this study? A: Future research directions include conducting a comprehensive study on the public transportation system in Medan City, analyzing the impact of public transportation tariffs on the appeal of public transportation, and developing a more comprehensive tariff policy that considers both operational costs and the ability of the community to pay.

Q: What are the implications of this study? A: The findings of this study suggest that there is a gap between the tariffs in force in the field and the ability and willingness of passengers to pay. This can have a negative impact on the appeal of public transportation as a transportation option. To improve the public transportation system, cooperation between the government, transport operators, and the community needs to be improved.

Q: What are the benefits of this study? A: The benefits of this study include:

Providing a comprehensive analysis of the public transportation system in Medan City.
Highlighting the importance of evaluating public transportation tariffs based on vehicle operating costs (BOK), ATP, and WTP.
Providing recommendations for improving the public transportation system in Medan City.

Additional Questions and Answers

Q: What is the role of the government in improving the public transportation system? A: The government plays a crucial role in improving the public transportation system. They need to ensure that public transport tariffs not only include operational costs, but also contribute to improving service quality.

Q: What is the role of transport operators in improving the public transportation system? A: Transport operators also play a crucial role in improving the public transportation system. They need to ensure that their tariffs are fair and reasonable, and that they provide good service to their passengers.

Q: What is the role of the community in improving the public transportation system? A: The community also plays a crucial role in improving the public transportation system. They need to provide feedback to the government and transport operators on the quality of service provided, and to suggest improvements.